Starlink and VEON sign a global Direct to Cell deal

A landmark deal bridging space and smartphones

Elon Musk’s Starlink division of SpaceX has inked its largest direct-to-cell deal yet, partnering with Amsterdam-based telecom group VEON to beam cellular service from satellites to standard mobile phones . Announced on November 6, 2025, the non-exclusive framework agreement lets VEON integrate Starlink’s satellite network into its mobile operators—starting with Kyivstar in Ukraine and Beeline in Kazakhstan . The move opens satellite connectivity to over 150 million potential users across VEON’s markets (which also include Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Uzbekistan)  . It’s the first multi-country alliance of its kind, positioning VEON as a pioneer in direct-to-device satellite service on a global scale .

Why now? The satellite-to-smartphone race is heating up, with significant investments aimed at eliminating mobile “dead zones” . Competitors like AST SpaceMobile and Amazon’s Kuiper are preparing their constellations for debut in 2026 , and VEON didn’t want to wait. “This is the biggest partnership in terms of addressable customer base in the world,” said Ilya Polshakov, the Kyivstar executive leading VEON’s satellite efforts . He noted the plan is nonexclusive – VEON is also in talks with Amazon Kuiper, AST SpaceMobile, and OneWeb – but those networks won’t be ready until 2027–2028, whereas Starlink can deliver service today . In Polshakov’s words: “I don’t want to wait. I want to develop business today” . By teaming up with Starlink now, VEON leapfrogs into the satellite-direct-to-phone era, aiming to fill connectivity gaps for consumers and businesses alike.

The implications go far beyond telecom. By enabling basic connectivity literally anywhere you can see the sky, direct-to-cell satellites promise to bring social media, messaging, and digital services to places that previously had no signal. This article breaks down how Direct to Cell technology works, who gets it first, the competitive landscape, and how marketers and brands should prepare for a world with no offline.

How Direct to Cell works in plain language

At its core, “Direct to Cell” means your regular smartphone can connect directly to a satellite in orbit, instead of relying on a nearby cell tower. In practice, SpaceX is equipping Starlink satellites with specialized cellular base station (eNodeB) modules that act like orbiting cell towers, broadcasting standard 4G/LTE signals down to Earth . Your phone’s SIM and antenna treat the satellite just like a distant cell site – the phone doesn’t know it’s talking to something 500 km overhead. As VEON’s CEO explains, these low-Earth-orbit satellites function as cell towers in space, using advanced onboard modems to beam signals to normal handsets on the ground . No special satellite phone or external antenna is required; any LTE-capable smartphone could work, as long as it supports the frequency band the satellite is using and local regulators authorize the service .

To make this seamless, Starlink’s space-based cell sites are integrated into mobile operator networks as if they were roaming partners . When a user is outside terrestrial coverage (e.g. in the steppe, desert, or open ocean), their phone can latch onto a passing Starlink satellite and send a text or WhatsApp message. The satellite relays the signal via its orbiting mesh network (using laser links between satellites) down to a Starlink ground station or directly to the operator’s core network . From the user’s perspective, it may just appear as one extra “coverage bar” or a network name indicating satellite mode. The big difference is latency (the time for signals to travel to space and back) and capacity – we’ll address those shortly. But fundamentally, Direct to Cell turns “no signal” areas into covered zones, using satellites to fill the void. As SpaceX puts it, this setup can eliminate dead zones, extending mobile coverage to the ~50% of Earth’s land area where terrestrial towers don’t reach .

Handset compatibility and standards

One of the most remarkable aspects of these services is that ordinary, unmodified phones can use them. Unlike old satellite phones, you don’t need a bulky external antenna or special SIM. Starlink and similar systems adhere to 3GPP cellular standards (the same global standards that govern 4G LTE and 5G). In fact, the latest 3GPP Release 17 includes specifications for Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) – essentially allowing satellites to appear as standard network nodes to a phone . This standardization means new smartphone chipsets are being built with satellite connectivity in mind. For example, Samsung announced a 5G modem supporting NTN, demonstrating two-way texting and even image sharing via satellite using its Exynos chips  . In other words, the industry is baking satellite compatibility right into mainstream phones.

What about existing devices? The good news is that many current 4G/5G phones can already communicate with satellites on the right band. Starlink’s system works with “any LTE phone wherever you can see the sky” . Early field tests have validated this: in mid-2025, Ukraine’s Kyivstar successfully integrated its core network with Starlink’s satellite system, confirming that standard Kyivstar SIM cards could connect through the Starlink Direct to Cell service  . And in a high-profile demo in 2023, Vodafone and AST SpaceMobile made the world’s first satellite phone video call using a completely standard Samsung smartphone – no modifications – from a remote area with no terrestrial signal  . These milestones prove that off-the-shelf phones can indeed receive calls, texts, and even video directly from satellites under real-world conditions.

There are some caveats. Phones may require a software update to recognize the satellite network and adjust parameters (such as longer time-outs for signal due to propagation delay). Early implementations might use a specific app for certain functions – for instance, Starlink says voice calling will be “available with apps” in initial phases , implying a VoIP app might handle satellite calls until native dialer support catches up. Also, only newer phones support the necessary frequency bands in some cases. (For example, AST SpaceMobile is leveraging 850 MHz spectrum with Verizon , which most phones support; Starlink in the US initially planned to use T-Mobile’s PCS band around 1900 MHz , common in phones as well.) In summary, if you have a modern smartphone from roughly the last 5-7 years, it’s likely compatible out of the box with direct-to-satellite services – especially as carriers and OS makers issue updates aligning with the new 3GPP NTN standards. The era of satellite connectivity without special hardware is here by design.

Early service phases and performance limits

While the technology works with everyday phones, the user experience in the early phase will have limitations. The Starlink–VEON rollout, like others, is starting with basic text messaging as the first service, then expanding to more data-intensive uses. Text/SMS requires very low bandwidth and can tolerate delays, so it’s a natural starting point. According to SpaceX, Starlink’s direct-to-cell texting has been available since 2024, with data services beginning in 2025 and voice following via supporting apps . This aligns with what we’ve seen in the field: T-Mobile USA launched its first satellite SMS service commercially in July 2025, allowing subscribers to send texts in dead zones (and even use apps like WhatsApp for simple messaging) via Starlink . Kyivstar’s Q4 2025 launch will likewise support SMS and over-the-top chat apps initially , and Beeline Kazakhstan is planning a messaging-only service in 2026 as Phase 1 .

Why not jump straight to full voice and internet service? The constraint is network capacity and latency. A single low-earth-orbit satellite can only handle a limited number of connections at once, and it acts as a cell covering a huge area. Current direct-to-device links might offer on the order of tens of megabits per second per cell (shared by all users in that satellite’s footprint) when using standard mobile spectrum . That’s enough for thousands of SMS or WhatsApp texts, but if many users tried to do voice calls or video simultaneously, they’d quickly clog the cell. In early demos, AST SpaceMobile’s first trial satellites provided “intermittent” 4G coverage – enough to make a few calls and even a 10-minute video call, but not continuous service for all users yet  . In fact, AST’s BlueBird test satellites achieved about 100+ Mbps peak in ideal conditions to a single phone , but that bandwidth would be divided among everyone in the satellite’s footprint. Starlink, for its part, has launched 650+ direct-to-cell satellites to improve density and coverage , but initial services will still prioritize low-bandwidth use to ensure reliability.

Another factor is latency – the round-trip time to space. An LEO satellite ~500 km up introduces roughly 30–50 ms of delay each way, plus routing and processing time. Real-world users might see ping times of ~100+ ms at best, perhaps a bit higher than typical terrestrial LTE. This is not bad for voice (VoIP can handle it) but noticeable for interactive data. More significantly, satellites don’t hover in one place (unless MEO/GEO which have higher latency); an LEO satellite passes overhead in a matter of minutes. To provide continuous coverage, you need a chain of satellites. Until the constellations are fully built out, coverage may be spotty – available only during certain periods. For example, with just a handful of test sats, Lynk Global could offer an SMS opportunity maybe every few hours when one flew by. With hundreds of satellites now in orbit, Starlink and AST are rapidly closing the gaps. Starlink’s 650 D2C satellites aim for continuous overlapping coverage on five continents . AST plans to deploy 45–60 satellites by 2026 to achieve continuous coverage across the continental US for Verizon  . Until those full constellations are up, early adopters may experience periodic outages of satellite signal – but over the next year or two those should shorten significantly.

In practical terms, the first phase of direct-to-cell is about essential connectivity, not high throughput. Think emergency texts, basic messaging, location check-ins, and perhaps slow but vital data (e.g. an SOS email or a weather app update) in places you previously had zero bars. Voice calls will likely roll out in limited form (perhaps requiring you to use a carrier’s app that dials over satellite) and may be half-duplex or have some delay. Internet browsing or video streaming from a satellite phone connection will be very limited initially – the networks simply won’t support high data usage per user until second-generation sats and spectrum expansions come on line. As one industry white paper noted, using standard Release-17 tech in ~<2GHz bands yields only modest cell capacity, whereas future upgrades (e.g. using higher frequencies with small dishes or massive sat arrays) might reach hundreds of Mbps in the long run  . Early users should temper expectations: sending a message or making a brief call from the wilderness is now feasible; binge-watching YouTube in a desert is not (yet). The phased approach ensures that as satellite networks scale up, services will expand from lifesaving basics to eventually more broadband-like experiences.

Who benefits first and when

Kyivstar Ukraine timeline and use cases

The first VEON market to get Starlink Direct to Cell service is Ukraine, via VEON’s subsidiary Kyivstar (Ukraine’s largest mobile operator). Kyivstar plans to launch its satellite texting service in Q4 2025, making it one of the earliest in the world to offer direct-to-phone connectivity commercially . This launch is especially timely for Ukraine: with ongoing war damage to infrastructure, large swathes of the country have unreliable cell coverage. Kyivstar’s CEO noted that maintaining connectivity during wartime is a humanitarian necessity, and satellite links can keep critical channels open when towers are down or power is out  . In field tests over the summer of 2025, Kyivstar began sending the first messages through Starlink satellites and got regulatory approval from Ukraine’s telecom regulator to trial the technology  . Those tests confirmed that, for example, a text message could be sent from a smartphone in an area with no tower signal via Starlink, and delivered on Kyivstar’s network – a capability with obvious value for emergency services and civilians in war-torn regions .

The initial use cases in Ukraine will focus on essential communications: SMS and OTT messaging (like Telegram or WhatsApp) for people in frontline or rural areas with no coverage . A farmer in a remote village, or families in towns where cell masts have been destroyed, will be able to stay connected just by stepping outside and getting a clear view of the sky. Public safety is a major emphasis – officials have highlighted that a satellite-enabled phone could literally save lives by contacting first responders from a dead zone . Kyivstar is integrating the service so that it feels seamless to users. If you try to send a text where there’s no normal signal, your phone may automatically roam onto “Starlink” to deliver it. The fourth quarter 2025 launch is expected to cover all of Ukraine (national regulatory clearance was granted) and will start with text services, then expand. Kyivstar and VEON have committed substantial investment (over $1 billion in new technologies through 2027) to modernize Ukraine’s telecom, and satellite connectivity is a cornerstone of that strategy .

Notably, Kyivstar’s Starlink tie-up makes it the first mobile operator in Europe to deploy direct satellite-to-phone service . Europe has seen demos (Vodafone’s test call, etc.), but Ukraine’s live rollout means that by year’s end 2025, Ukrainians in even the most remote or war-impacted corners can send a message without needing any special equipment. Looking ahead, as data service comes online (likely in 2026), Kyivstar might enable simple mobile internet over Starlink for critical connectivity apps. But for now, always-on basic communication is the immediate benefit. In a country where connectivity has literally been a lifeline during conflict, this development is a game-changer for resilience.

Beeline Kazakhstan rollout plans

The next VEON market in line is Kazakhstan, via Beeline Kazakhstan. With support from Kazakhstan’s government, Beeline signed on to bring Starlink Direct to Cell to the country starting in 2026 . In fact, the agreement was ceremonially announced during Kazakhstan President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev’s visit to Washington, D.C., underlining its strategic importance . Kazakhstan is the world’s ninth-largest country by land area, with vast steppes and low population density outside cities. Providing blanket terrestrial coverage is practically impossible – even villages of 100 people have historically been off-grid until Beeline recently started installing solar-powered base stations in some remote spots . Satellite-direct service is a logical next step to reach the rest.

Beeline Kazakhstan’s plan, as outlined by its CEO Evgeniy Nastradin, is to launch satellite SMS messaging in 2026, followed by data connectivity in a later phase . Essentially, they’ll mirror Ukraine’s rollout but on a slightly later schedule (likely due to regulatory setup and satellite availability). A memorandum with Kazakhstan’s Ministry of Digital Development has already been signed to support Direct to Cell integration, ensuring government buy-in . As with Ukraine, the emphasis is on bridging the coverage gap in remote regions efficiently . Mountainous areas, steppe communities, and border regions that never had service will get basic connectivity. The Deputy Prime Minister of Kazakhstan hailed the partnership, stressing that being able to “send a message from a smartphone in an area without terrestrial coverage…addresses critical public safety concerns” and “has the potential to save lives” .

Practically, Beeline’s customers might see an offer in 2026 like: an add-on for satellite SMS, allowing them to text (and eventually use data) when off the grid. The service will be subject to regulatory approvals in Kazakhstan – testing and licensing are ongoing . But VEON’s global framework ensures that once ready, Kazakhstan can piggyback on the integration work done in Ukraine. In the big picture, covering Kazakhstan’s enormous territory via satellite could transform economic and social connectivity – enabling IoT devices in remote oil fields, giving nomadic communities access to digital services, and greatly aiding disaster response in the country’s rugged terrain.

Beyond Ukraine and Kazakhstan, VEON has its eyes on extending Direct to Cell to its other operators, such as Jazz in Pakistan, Banglalink in Bangladesh, and Beeline Uzbekistan. The framework deal is non-exclusive and covers all five operating countries . VEON’s group CEO Kaan Terzioglu expressed excitement at “exploring the potential to offer integrated terrestrial and satellite connectivity to VEON’s more than 150 million subscribers across all five markets”  . The exact timelines for Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Uzbekistan haven’t been announced; they may depend on local regulatory clearance and possibly waiting for other satellite partners in some cases. But given VEON’s fast follow strategy, we could see pilot tests in those countries by 2026 and service launches by 2027. It’s also possible VEON might choose different satellite providers for different regions if advantageous (since the deal with Starlink is non-exclusive) . For now, though, Starlink’s head start means Ukrainian and Kazakh customers will lead the way, experiencing a new kind of mobile connectivity within the next year.

The competitive race

AST SpaceMobile and Verizon

One of the most closely watched rivals in the satellite-to-phone arena is AST SpaceMobile, a Texas-based company building a direct-to-cell constellation called BlueBird. AST’s approach is similar in goal (connect standard smartphones) but involves massive satellites with very large antennas to maximize signal strength. In 2022–2023, AST launched a test satellite (BlueWalker 3) that unfolded a 64 m² antenna array, and it successfully connected phones in early demos. Fast forward to 2025: AST has now deployed an initial batch of five BlueBird satellites in low Earth orbit and used them to demonstrate 4G LTE and even 5G connections to everyday phones  . In a notable feat, AST (with partner Vodafone) made a two-way voice call and a video call via satellite on a standard smartphone, proving that even bandwidth-heavy tasks are possible under the right conditions  .

AST’s big news came in October 2025 when it signed a definitive commercial agreement with Verizon in the U.S. . Under this deal, Verizon will integrate AST’s upcoming satellite network with its terrestrial mobile network, effectively roaming onto satellites to cover remote American regions. Crucially, Verizon is allocating its 850 MHz spectrum for this – AST’s satellites will operate on Verizon’s licensed frequency so that Verizon customers’ phones can connect without issues . (850 MHz is a low frequency band ideal for coverage, and most US phones already support it.) Verizon had actually invested $100 million in AST earlier, and this new agreement cements a plan to launch space-based cellular broadband across the continental US in the 2026 timeframe  . Essentially, AST will serve as Verizon’s satellite arm, extending coverage to national parks, oceans, skies, and any rural pockets where towers are absent.

Beyond Verizon, AST SpaceMobile has a 10-year partnership with Vodafone (which covers Europe and Africa) and has trial agreements or MOUs with other carriers like AT&T and Saudi Telecom (STC)  . The company’s approach is to work directly with mobile operators, providing wholesale satellite capacity. By 2026, AST plans to scale up to 45–60 satellites (the next batch, “Block 2”, is under assembly) to start offering continuous (not just intermittent) coverage in key markets . The initial service will likely cover texting and voice first, with broadband data as capacity allows. AST has already “proven the capabilities” with its tests – achieving multi-megabit speeds and even streaming video to phones  – but scaling to millions of users is the big challenge ahead . The satellites are expensive and complex, and the company needs to ensure it can handle the load when thousands of phones ping the satellite at once.

Investors have been bullish on AST’s prospects: after the Verizon deal announcement, AST SpaceMobile’s stock jumped over 70%, hitting its highest level in years . The competitive dynamic between AST and SpaceX/Starlink is interesting. SpaceX has far more satellites up (thousands) but is initially focusing on basic messaging and narrowband apps, whereas AST’s philosophy is to offer a “full mobile experience” (their CEO even bragged that AST was the only service offering voice, text, and video with a normal device)  . It remains to be seen which approach wins out in performance and economics. We may end up with a duopoly of sorts: Starlink covering many countries via numerous partnerships, and AST partnering with other big carrier groups (like the Vodafone/AT&T alliance) to cover the rest. Notably, in November 2025, Vodafone and AST announced plans for a Europe-led satellite constellation to be built collaboratively, aiming to serve commercial and government needs in Europe  . This suggests AST could get backing to deploy more satellites specifically for Europe (perhaps dovetailing with EU’s own space connectivity initiatives).

In summary, AST SpaceMobile is a leading contender offering direct connectivity at 4G/5G speeds, with Verizon set to launch services (likely text and voice) in the U.S. by 2026 . Marketers should keep an eye on AST’s progress: if successful, it means not only remote parts of the U.S. coming online, but also a faster leap to high-bandwidth applications (like streaming or richer content delivery to remote users) sooner than Starlink might achieve. AST’s partnerships with carriers across Europe, Africa, Asia could also rapidly globalize their reach. The satellite-to-phone race is not a one-horse race; it’s SpaceX vs AST (and others) in a multi-year sprint to connect the unconnected.

Project Kuiper and OneWeb signals

Another heavyweight entering the fray is Amazon’s Project Kuiper. Kuiper is Amazon’s planned constellation of 3,236 LEO satellites aimed at broadband internet coverage (similar to Starlink’s original broadband service). While Kuiper’s primary focus initially is providing home and enterprise internet via user terminals, Amazon has signaled interest in supporting mobile carriers as well. In fact, Vodafone announced in 2023 that it will use Project Kuiper to extend 4G/5G reach in Europe and Africa . The idea is that Kuiper satellites could connect either directly to cell towers (providing backhaul to sites that are off-grid) or potentially directly to IoT devices and future phones for coverage extension. VEON’s CEO confirmed discussions with Amazon too, as VEON explores all options for satellite partnerships beyond Ukraine .

As of late 2025, Project Kuiper is still in testing phases – Amazon launched its first prototype satellites in October 2023 and reported they were working well. The company aims to start deploying production satellites in 2024 and have an initial service offering by late 2025 (targeting at least beta internet service) . They are obligated by the FCC to have half the constellation up by 2026. While Kuiper’s initial service will likely involve a user terminal (dish) for broadband, Amazon’s long-term vision includes “extending cellular coverage.” It wouldn’t be surprising if Amazon eventually offers a direct-to-device payload or partners with carriers to integrate Kuiper with standard phones – especially given Amazon’s penchant for ecosystem plays (imagine future Kindle or AWS IoT devices with built-in Kuiper connectivity). For now, marketers should note that Amazon’s deep pockets and cloud synergy (Kuiper will tie into Amazon Web Services) could make it a major platform for global connectivity, possibly available to telecom partners as an alternative to Starlink. If VEON or others pick Kuiper in 2027+, it might be for higher bandwidth backhaul or supplementing coverage in different spectrum.

Then there’s OneWeb, which recently merged with Europe’s satellite operator Eutelsat. OneWeb’s constellation of 618 LEO satellites (almost fully deployed as of 2023) is another piece of the puzzle. Historically, OneWeb has focused on providing broadband connectivity to businesses, maritime, aviation, and backhaul for cell sites in remote areas. They already have partnerships with telcos like AT&T to use OneWeb sats for rural cell tower backhaul in the US . OneWeb hasn’t yet offered direct-to-handset service, as its first-gen satellites were not built for that. However, VEON explicitly mentioned OneWeb in its list of satellite partners under consideration , suggesting that OneWeb could collaborate to deliver services to standard phones possibly via some intermediary tech or next-gen sats. It’s possible OneWeb’s second-generation satellites (which Eutelsat plans to develop) will incorporate 3GPP NTN capabilities to communicate with normal devices, or they might partner with companies like Lynk Global to add that capability.

Speaking of Lynk Global – it’s a smaller startup but an early pioneer. In fact, Lynk was the first to ever send a text message from an orbiting satellite to an unmodified phone, back in February 2020 . They’ve since launched a handful of test “cell tower in space” nanosatellites and demonstrated emergency SMS connectivity with rural carriers. For example, Lynk has trial agreements in places like the South Pacific and Africa, and in 2023–2024 they ran tests with Turkcell in Turkey to deliver satellite texts to standard phones . Lynk’s approach is low-cost and text-centric for now (their tiny satellites each support a limited number of SMS at a time), but they proved the concept and even showed a prototype voice call in mid-2023 (though AST pipped them on a full two-way voice demo) . Recently, Lynk announced a merger with Omnispace and a partnership with big satellite operator SES, aiming to scale up a global direct-to-device network with both LEO and MEO assets  . The fact that SES, a major GEO/MEO operator, is investing in Lynk signals that the traditional satellite industry is also jumping into direct-to-phone services.

In sum, the competitive landscape is crowded and dynamic: SpaceX/Starlink with an early operational lead and global telecom partnerships; AST SpaceMobile with high-capacity satellites and marquee carrier deals (Verizon, Vodafone); Amazon Kuiper with massive resources and a likely telecom play; OneWeb/Eutelsat with a ready network possibly pivoting to consumer devices; and Lynk/Omnispace and others innovating on smaller scale solutions (not to mention players like Globalsat (Apple’s partner) focusing on niche SOS messaging, and startups in China, etc.). For mobile operators, this means choice and bargaining power – as VEON is exercising by keeping its deal non-exclusive . For consumers and marketers, it means that by the mid-late 2020s, multiple satellite networks will blanket the globe, some emphasizing basic connectivity for billions, others offering higher bandwidth for specific regions or enterprise use. Competition should drive down costs and accelerate technology improvements (for instance, advanced antennas and spectrum sharing techniques).

From a marketing perspective, one key takeaway is that universal coverage is becoming a realistic expectation. No matter where your audience is – be it a remote mountain village or an off-shore oil rig – there is likely a satellite network vying to serve them. Also, each of these constellations might partner with different carriers or tech ecosystems, which could fragment how services are offered (e.g. Verizon users on AST vs. T-Mobile on Starlink). Marketers will need to track these developments to understand where new user populations might come online and through which channels.

Spectrum dynamics and the EchoStar–SpaceX deal

An often overlooked aspect of the satellite-to-phone race is the fight for spectrum – the radio frequencies that satellites use to communicate with phones. Mobile phones operate on licensed bands (for 4G, common bands are around 700 MHz, 850 MHz, 1800–2100 MHz, etc., and 5G adds more). To have a satellite “talk” to a regular phone on those frequencies, the satellite operator must have rights to use that spectrum, typically by partnering with the license holder (a carrier) or acquiring a license themselves. This has led to some major spectrum deals and regulatory moves in 2023–2025.

In the United States, SpaceX made headlines by striking a deal with EchoStar (the satellite company affiliated with Dish Network) to purchase a trove of wireless spectrum licenses. On Nov 6, 2025 – the same day as the VEON announcement – EchoStar agreed to sell its AWS-3 band licenses to SpaceX for $2.6 billion  . These licenses cover mid-band frequencies across the U.S. suitable for mobile and satellite use . It was an expansion of an even larger ~$17 billion agreement from September 2025 . Essentially, SpaceX is spending billions to secure its own slice of cellular spectrum, rather than relying solely on partnerships like the one with T-Mobile. By combining EchoStar’s airwaves with SpaceX’s satellite tech, they “can quickly create strong and affordable direct-to-cell services,” said EchoStar’s CEO Hamid Akhavan  . This spectrum will allow Starlink satellites to serve more customers in the U.S. (and likely at higher data rates) without running into legal or interference issues, since SpaceX will hold the licenses.

Regulators have been actively facilitating these moves. The U.S. FCC in 2023 opened a “Supplemental Coverage from Space” (SCS) proceeding to streamline satellite-cellular integration. After SpaceX’s and AT&T’s spectrum deals with EchoStar, the FCC even ended a long-running investigation into Dish/EchoStar’s unused spectrum, as it was finally being put to use via these sales . Meanwhile, AT&T acquired about 50 MHz of nationwide spectrum from EchoStar/Dish for $23 billion in mid-2025  – that was terrestrial-focused (to beef up AT&T’s 5G network), but it shows how valuable these frequencies are in the 600 MHz to 2 GHz range that both cell towers and satellites covet.

Internationally, regulatory approval is a hurdle in each country. VEON’s Terzioglu noted that timelines for direct-to-cell in any market depend on governments issuing direct-to-cell licenses and coordinating spectrum use . Ukraine’s telecom regulator was among the first to green-light tests (granting Kyivstar a special license to use certain bands for satellite connectivity) . Kazakhstan’s government also had to sign an MoU and will grant permissions for Beeline’s launch  . Different countries might take different approaches: some may let satellite operators piggyback on mobile operators’ existing spectrum (as in the Verizon 850 MHz case), while others might allocate new frequencies specifically for NTN services. For instance, the European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications (CEPT) has been studying the use of certain S-band frequencies for satellite-to-phone, and India and China have their own rules brewing.

The spectrum issue also ties into interoperability. If multiple satellite networks all operate on distinct frequencies, a phone might only work with the one its carrier has a deal with. On the other hand, if they share bands or if phones start supporting many satellite bands, users could roam across satellite systems just like cellular networks. Starlink’s claim of being “the world’s largest 4G coverage provider” hints they intend to effectively roam across countries via partners . Indeed, Starlink’s partner list spans over a dozen operators on five continents already  , implying a form of reciprocal access where a subscriber from Japan (KDDI) could travel to Canada and still use Starlink D2C via Rogers, etc. Achieving this requires careful spectrum harmonization so that the satellite is listening on the right bands for each region’s phones.

From a marketing and business standpoint, the SpaceX–EchoStar $2.6B deal underscores the commitment to make satellite-to-phone mainstream. SpaceX essentially bought its way into being a quasi-“carrier” in terms of spectrum rights, which could mean down the line it might offer its own direct plans or have more leverage in wholesale negotiations. It also highlights that legacy satellite firms are repositioning – EchoStar, instead of building a terrestrial 5G network with its spectrum (which it struggled to do), is selling to SpaceX and focusing on other ventures. This may concentrate the direct-to-cell market around a few key spectrum holders/operators (SpaceX, AST’s partners, etc.).

For marketers, understanding spectrum isn’t critical, but the outcome is: where and when will these services be legally active? Thanks to these deals, in the U.S., Starlink’s phone service should ramp up quickly (T-Mobile’s beta in 2025 expanding to broader use in 2026), since spectrum hurdles are being cleared. In other regions, watch for local telecom regulators issuing licenses for satellite direct-to-device. Policy is largely moving favorably – governments see the public safety and digital inclusion benefits. One clear example: after hurricanes and wildfires in 2023, Starlink’s demo of delivering 1.5 million emergency SMS and alerts via satellite in the U.S. earned goodwill with regulators . We can expect emergency use to often be the first permitted, followed by commercial services. The bottom line on spectrum: the airwaves are being unlocked to allow this new connectivity, and deals like the EchoStar–SpaceX sale ensure that technical roadblocks to reaching consumers’ phones (in major markets) are coming down fast.

What it means for operators and pricing

For mobile network operators (MNOs), direct-to-cell satellite connectivity represents both an opportunity and a new strategic puzzle. On one hand, partnering with satellite providers allows an operator to offer truly ubiquitous coverage – a huge marketing boast. They can advertise 100% nationwide coverage (or even global roaming coverage) including areas where they have no towers. This can be a differentiator in competitive markets and a way to improve customer satisfaction (fewer dead zones means happier users, especially in rural communities). It can also unlock new subscribers in remote areas who previously saw no point in a mobile subscription. VEON, for instance, could potentially add rural users in Kazakhstan or nomadic populations who until now were off-network, by selling them service that works anywhere via satellite.

On the other hand, the business model is largely wholesale: the MNO is reselling capacity from the satellite operator, or paying as a roaming cost. Starlink’s model is to act as a roaming partner to carriers, similar to how carriers roam on each other’s networks . That means the economics have to be figured out: how much does each satellite message or megabyte cost the operator, and how do they charge end users for it? Pricing strategies are still emerging. Many carriers have not published satellite add-on prices yet. For example, Virgin Media O2 in the UK said it will reveal pricing closer to launch in 2026 . It’s likely we will see a variety of approaches:

• Freemium inclusion: Some operators might include basic satellite texting for free in higher-tier plans as a value-add. (T-Mobile hinted at including satellite texting in popular plans at no extra cost, at least during beta.) This would be similar to how some plans include international roaming SMS or other perks. The cost to the carrier for occasional emergency texts is low, and the goodwill is high.
• Pay-per-use: For data or voice via satellite, operators might charge per minute or per megabyte, or offer day passes. For instance, a user on a hiking trip might pay a few dollars to have satellite coverage for 24 hours. This model resembles in-flight Wi-Fi packages or international roaming add-ons.
• Subscription add-on: A fixed monthly fee for satellite coverage insurance. e.g. “Add Satellite Connectivity to your plan for $5/month” which then gives you, say, 50 messages or 10 minutes of satellite talk time each month, or unlimited emergency use.
• Wholesale for enterprise/Government: Operators could also bundle satellite connectivity into IoT and enterprise solutions – e.g. a logistics company’s tracking devices switch to satellite beyond cellular coverage, with the cost baked into an enterprise contract. Or governments might subsidize satellite minutes for public safety users.

The ARPU (average revenue per user) impact could be positive if carriers successfully upsell these features. A rural customer might be willing to pay a premium knowing they’ll always have some connection. However, it’s also possible the revenue will be modest at first – the primary goal might be churn reduction (customers less likely to leave if they know they have the safety net of satellite) and brand enhancement (“we keep you connected everywhere”). As volume scales, satellite capacity costs should come down, enabling more generous plans.

From the operator perspective, another consideration is network integration and support. They will have to update their systems for things like billing records from satellite, handling handoffs between terrestrial and satellite, and possibly new customer support questions (“why can’t I load YouTube on satellite mode?”, etc.). Operators may choose to bundle satellite coverage into specialized plans for certain user segments: e.g. plans targeting outdoor enthusiasts, or plans for government first responders. We might see co-marketing where carriers promote phones that are “satellite-ready” or services like “Emergency SOS via satellite” (Apple did this with the iPhone 14, albeit using Globalstar satellites independently of carriers).

One fundamental choice operators face is whether to view satellite connectivity as a premium service or a baseline expectation. If one major carrier in a market includes it for free, others may have to follow to avoid looking inferior. In Canada, for instance, Rogers partnered with Lynk to offer satellite texting and said it would include it for all customers for emergencies, at no extra cost, during the pilot phase. In the US, if T-Mobile includes basic satellite messaging, AT&T and Verizon might need to respond (Verizon chose AST, AT&T might leverage its own satellite spectrum or work with AST too, etc.). In emerging markets, the economics may lean toward small fees given lower ARPUs, but even there, governments might push for inclusive connectivity as a public good.

Finally, operators must navigate regulatory requirements for satellite service – for example, ensuring emergency 911/112 calls can be routed over satellite if offered, providing lawful intercept for law enforcement, and informing users of any limitations (like no coverage indoors or latency differences). These responsibilities mirror their terrestrial obligations and will factor into how they price and position the service (perhaps with disclaimers that satellite is for “outdoor use and emergency situations primarily”).

In short, for operators, direct-to-cell is both a defensive move (don’t be the only carrier who can’t offer a signal everywhere) and an offensive move (attract new customers and revenue streams). Pricing models are still evolving, but we anticipate a mix of bundled and usage-based plans. Over time, as satellite connectivity becomes more common, it might simply be a standard feature included in all plans, much like 4G or roaming is today – especially if costs drop with more providers in the mix. This commoditization could force satellite providers and telcos to differentiate on reliability and integration (e.g. “our network seamlessly fails over to satellite with barely a hiccup”). For now, brands and businesses should keep an eye on carrier announcements in their markets: if you see “Satellite Coverage” appearing in mobile plans, that’s your cue that the operator has turned on the space-based network and new opportunities (and considerations) are at hand.

Why this matters for social media and marketing

The advent of satellite-to-phone connectivity isn’t just a telecom story – it stands to reshape how and where people use social media, consume content, and engage with brands. When anyone can be online from virtually anywhere, the ripple effects across digital marketing and media are profound. Here’s a look at several key dimensions:

Always-on posting from remote locations

As direct-to-cell services roll out, expect to see social media activity coming from places that were previously dark. Travelers, adventurers, and residents of remote areas will gain the ability to post in real time. Imagine Instagram posts from deep in the Himalayas, live tweets from scientific expeditions in Antarctica, or Facebook updates from villages in the Sahara. Even more routinely, someone camping in a national park can upload a Story at the moment, rather than “posting later when back in coverage.” This always-on capability in remote locations will likely increase the volume of user-generated content from off-grid locales. For social platforms, this means richer content diversity (more nature, travel, and on-the-ground news from far-flung areas). For marketers, it means campaigns can involve real-time engagement even in rural markets or during outdoor events.

One immediate application is influencer marketing and content creation. Outdoor gear brands, for example, could sponsor trekkers to do live feeds from the wilderness, confident that connectivity won’t cut out. Tourism boards can encourage visitors to share experiences from remote sites (national parks, islands) knowing they can actually connect. This content can inspire others and create a feedback loop – previously, lack of connectivity meant fewer posts about certain destinations, keeping them “off the grid” in public perception. That barrier drops with ubiquitous connectivity.

Another facet is customer service and brand interactions. A customer on a remote oil rig or a researcher in the Amazon might be able to contact a company’s support or tweet at a service provider for help, whereas before they’d be isolated. Brands should be prepared for engagement coming from anywhere at any time. The expectation of instantaneous communication could extend universally – people won’t accept “I had no signal” as an excuse for being unreachable (for better or worse).

Creator economies in new regions

Bringing connectivity to unserved regions means unlocking new audiences and creators. There are millions of talented individuals in rural or remote communities who have so far been cut off from the digital creator economy simply due to lack of reliable internet. When Direct to Cell becomes available, a farmer’s daughter in a remote village could start a TikTok or YouTube channel without relocating to a city. We could witness a blossoming of local content creation showcasing lifestyles, languages, and cultures that have had limited representation online. This diversification of content is great for platforms and users hungry for authentic stories.

For marketers, new influencer partnerships might emerge from these regions. Brands focusing on emerging markets could tap into local micro-influencers who finally have consistent access. Consider a telecom or FMCG brand in Kazakhstan or Pakistan: they could collaborate with nomadic herders turned content creators, or mountain guides live-blogging their journeys. Such collaborations would have been logistically impossible before; now, with connectivity, those creators can build followings and engage with brands.

Moreover, digital entrepreneurship can take root in previously disconnected areas. People can sell crafts via social media marketplaces, offer remote services, or monetize content once they have connectivity. This means an expansion of e-commerce and digital marketing targets. Brands should anticipate new customer bases and seller communities coming online. For instance, a fashion retailer might discover a cluster of new customers in a part of Africa that had zero internet users before but now, thanks to satellite, they’re browsing and ordering via Facebook Marketplace.

The flip side is ensuring content and ads are tailored to these communities. Localization will be key – content might need to be in local languages and resonate with local culture, since the newly connected users may have different tastes and sensitivities than urban netizens. Social media platforms will also likely invest in moderation and support for these new regions to manage the influx of content and ensure community standards, which indirectly benefits brand safety (more on that shortly).

Real-time crisis comms and citizen reporting

When disaster strikes or conflicts erupt in areas with poor infrastructure, satellite connectivity can keep information flowing. We’ve already seen how Starlink terminals were used in war-torn Ukraine and after hurricanes to restore internet. Now, with Direct to Cell, any person with a phone becomes a potential real-time reporter from the scene of a crisis. This has huge implications for news media, humanitarian response, and public discourse.

For instance, if an earthquake hits a remote mountain region, survivors or aid workers with ordinary phones could send updates and photos directly via satellite, even if all cell towers are down. This real-time citizen reporting can vastly improve situational awareness. Social networks will likely see more posts about local emergencies, and trending topics could increasingly include first-hand accounts from remote places. Emergency management agencies may encourage people to have satellite-enabled phones or apps for disaster reporting.

From a marketing perspective, brands need to be aware that crisis communications will evolve. During natural disasters or unrest in previously offline regions, there will now be a social media presence from those areas. Companies with local operations or CSR initiatives might engage by amplifying relief efforts or providing assistance, knowing they can actually reach people in need via social channels on the ground. Also, misinformation can spread from crisis zones – with more connectivity, there’s a possibility of unverified rumors or graphic content emerging directly from conflict areas. Brands should monitor such situations to avoid inadvertently advertising next to sensitive content or getting caught in misinformation crossfire. Essentially, brand safety protocols must extend to this new influx of content.

On the positive side, public safety alerts and humanitarian campaigns gain a new channel. Governments and NGOs could push notifications (like Wireless Emergency Alerts) via satellite to reach every phone in an affected region . Marketers in sectors like insurance, healthcare, or energy should consider how they might use a now-connected populace in remote areas to disseminate important info. For example, a public health campaign about COVID vaccines could reach rural villages via Facebook or SMS now that those villagers have connectivity.

In conflict zones, satellite connectivity can also enable more citizen journalism and potentially support accountability (live-streaming events that authorities might otherwise suppress). Social media platforms will need robust tools to handle an influx of such content. Brands, as always, should stay sensitive to context – ads might need to be geotargeted away from conflict-related keywords or content if there’s a spike in reporting from those zones.

Addressable market expansion and ad reach

The expansion of connectivity means the addressable market of internet users is going to swell. There are roughly 3 billion people globally who still lack internet access. A significant portion of those live in areas that are hard to serve with terrestrial networks. Satellite-to-phone won’t instantly connect all of them (affordability and device access are factors), but it could connect tens or hundreds of millions more in the next few years. For advertisers, that’s a huge new audience entering the digital realm.

Consider markets like sub-Saharan Africa, Central Asia, or remote parts of South America – these have younger populations that are rapidly getting smartphones, but network coverage has been the bottleneck. If direct-to-cell satellites fill those coverage gaps, suddenly an entire demographic comes online. Digital advertising platforms (Google, Meta, etc.) will surely extend their reach accordingly, offering targeting for regions that were previously “greyed out” on the heat map. Marketers who operate globally or in emerging markets will need to adjust their strategies. You might discover that a campaign can now target users in rural Kenya or highland Peru, where before you could only reach urban centers.

This also affects media buying and budget allocation. Advertisers may want to allocate spend to these newly connected users, but careful testing is needed – these audiences are new to the internet, which means different behavior. They might be accessing lighter versions of apps (Facebook Lite, etc.), and their content consumption patterns may favor text and audio over HD video due to bandwidth. But as they acclimate, they represent growth opportunities for social networks and brands alike.

Another consideration is time of day and usage patterns. If connectivity is universal, people might use social media at previously quiet times. For example, a shepherd on a mountain pasture might scroll through feeds at midday resting under a tree, whereas before midday usage in that region was zero because there was no signal. The primetime for social media engagement in certain rural areas might form different peaks once they’re connected. Marketers could leverage this by scheduling posts or ads to align with these new usage patterns, effectively capturing attention in what were once offline hours.

Furthermore, previously untapped niches (like hobby communities or interest groups in remote areas) become reachable. A company selling farm equipment or solar panels, for instance, can now run Facebook ads targeting farmers in remote provinces, because those farmers will actually see them on their phones where they didn’t before. The ad reach and frequency calculations will evolve as these audiences come online and join the digital marketing ecosystem.

Measurement, attribution, and new data from “dark” zones

When remote areas light up with connectivity, they start generating data – both user data and device telemetry. This can significantly improve measurement and attribution for campaigns that have offline components. For example, a brand might run an out-of-home billboard campaign in a rural region or sponsor a traveling roadshow. In the past, measuring any digital uplift from those efforts was hard because the audience wasn’t online to engage. Now, if even a basic portion of those rural consumers have connectivity, you can measure things like search or social mentions from those regions following the campaign.

Also, location data becomes richer. Previously, if someone traveled into a no-signal zone, they effectively disappeared from marketers’ radar. With satellite connectivity, a user’s app might still ping or update location (assuming they opt-in), giving continuous insight into consumer mobility. This can enhance attribution models – e.g., a tourist who sees an outdoor ad at a remote site can now immediately visit the brand’s website or social page via satellite connection, and that conversion can be tracked. Or a delivery company can track ad exposure to drivers even on highways that had gaps in cellular coverage.

We could think of these remote areas as “data deserts” that are now turning into data sources. For instance, aggregate data about how people move and communicate in sparsely populated areas has been limited. Once connected, those insights can flow into analytics. Telecom operators will likely gather usage stats from satellite coverage zones: which apps are people using when on satellite? (perhaps heavy on messaging, light on video). Marketers can get a clearer picture of the full customer journey for rural consumers.

Additionally, attribution windows might lengthen in some cases. If someone in a remote spot sees an ad but couldn’t act on it until coming back to coverage, that delay complicates attribution. Now, if they can act immediately thanks to satellite, the path to conversion shortens, making it easier to credit the right touchpoint.

One more angle: product usage data. Companies that have IoT devices or mobile apps used in remote field locations (mining, agriculture, etc.) will get more real-time data from those devices via direct satellite links. This can inform product improvements and timely marketing (e.g., an agri-tech app can push an offer or tip to a farmer exactly when they’re out in the field, since the connectivity is there).

Of course, with more data comes more responsibility. Privacy considerations remain paramount – just because someone is newly connected doesn’t mean we exploit their data. Marketers should ensure they handle new users’ data ethically and transparently, especially as many will be first-time internet users who need to build digital literacy.

In summary, as satellite-to-phone services erase connectivity gaps, marketers gain the ability to reach new audiences, glean insights from previously offline behavior, and integrate their campaigns across the last frontiers of the map. But success will require adapting content to low-bandwidth conditions, respecting cultural and contextual differences, and preparing for a world where there truly is “no offline” time or place. Let’s turn to how brands can practically prepare for this new reality.

Conclusion: Steps for brands to take now

The convergence of satellite and cellular networks is set to expand the digital ecosystem to the ends of the earth. Forward-thinking brands should start planning for this shift today. Here are some practical steps and strategies:

• Optimize paid social targeting for frontier regions: As rural and remote populations come online, refine your ad targeting to include these areas. For example, adjust Facebook and Google Ads location settings to reach newly connected provinces or territories. Develop campaigns that speak to first-time internet users in these regions, possibly focusing on education about your product/service. Consider reserving part of your budget to experiment with ads in areas that will get coverage (e.g. a pilot campaign in Kazakhstan’s newly covered villages once Beeline’s service launches). The early mover advantage can be significant in markets where few competitors are advertising yet.
• Design ultra-lightweight creative and formats: Bandwidth will often be limited in satellite coverage, especially in the initial rollout. Ensure your digital creatives load fast and communicate effectively even on 2G-like speeds. This might mean using more text-based content, compressed images, and caching content for offline use. For instance, create “lite” versions of video ads or use short GIFs instead of long videos for audiences likely to be on satellite connections. Also, leverage platforms’ low-bandwidth modes (Facebook Lite ads, YouTube’s low quality stream detection, etc.). A beautifully crafted campaign means little if it won’t load for the audience – so test your web pages and ads under constrained network conditions. Embrace offline-first app design principles if you have mobile apps: allow content to be saved and actions queued when connection is intermittent, then synced when satellite link is available. Brands with physical presence can also distribute content (like coupons or media) that can be accessed without heavy data usage.
• Incorporate offline-to-online bridges: Think creatively about engaging consumers who live in newly connected areas. Many will still have parts of their day without connectivity (satellite or terrestrial), so strategies like SMS-based interactions or QR codes on physical media can bring them online when they do have a signal. For example, a radio or print ad in a remote region could include a code to text for more info – knowing that text will go via satellite if needed. Or a shop in a village might have a QR code that, once scanned when the user has satellite signal outside, leads to your online store. Essentially, find touchpoints that activate once connectivity is available, blending offline marketing with the new always-on potential of direct-to-cell.
• Enhance brand safety and misinformation monitoring: With more user-generated content flowing from conflict-prone or sensitive regions, brands should review their social listening and crisis response protocols. Ensure you have filters to detect when your brand is mentioned in a sudden burst of social posts from an area that was previously offline (could indicate a developing situation). Be ready to pause or adjust campaigns if they coincide with a local crisis that now is highly visible globally due to citizen reports. Also, guard against being associated with misinformation. For instance, if there’s a viral but false story emerging from a newly connected region, and your ads unintentionally run against that content, be prepared to pull or redirect them. Work closely with platforms to utilize tools like keyword exclusions or topic blocking for emerging risk areas. Brand safety teams should simulate scenarios (e.g., a major humanitarian crisis in a new market) to ensure marketing communications remain appropriate and sensitive.

Taken together, these steps will help brands adapt to a world of continuous, ubiquitous connectivity. Companies in sectors like politics, public safety, NGOs, travel, energy, and logistics in particular should pay attention – these are fields where remote connectivity is mission-critical. Engaging an expert partner can accelerate your readiness. (For instance, our IseMedia team has been working on SEO and content strategies for low-bandwidth environments; see our [Link: IseMedia SEO Services] for more on optimizing content delivery. We also specialize in AI-driven ad creative that can automatically generate “lite” versions for slow networks – check out [Link: IseMedia AI-Powered Ads] to learn how we tailor campaigns to varying connectivity.)

In closing, the Starlink–VEON deal is a harbinger of a more inclusive digital era. Satellite-to-phone technology will bring millions of new people onto social media, enable communications where none existed, and allow businesses to reach across geographies like never before. Brands that start planning for these changes now – by adjusting their targeting, creative, and safeguarding measures – will be poised to tap into the growth and goodwill that universal connectivity can bring. It’s not often that marketers get to witness the birth of an entirely new channel, but that’s exactly what “Direct to Cell” is: the sky itself is becoming a platform. The challenge and excitement for us in the marketing world will be to use it wisely, creatively, and inclusively, so that no matter where your customers are, your message can find them under the open sky.

FAQs

• Q: Will my current phone work with satellite direct-to-cell service?
• A: In most cases, yes. If you have a relatively recent 4G LTE or 5G smartphone, it should be compatible with direct-to-satellite signals – no special satellite phone needed . The service uses standard cellular bands and protocols (per 3GPP NTN Release 17), so phones see the satellite as a normal roaming network. You won’t need an external antenna or gadget. However, very old 2G/3G-only phones would not work, and not all phones support all frequency bands. Your carrier may issue a software update to optimize your device for satellite connectivity. Initially, some functions (like voice calls) might require using a specific app, but basic texting and SOS features will work with the native phone software on supported devices.
• Q: Where will Direct to Cell coverage be available? Are there maps?
• A: Coverage will roll out region by region, depending on where satellite partners and local operators have agreements. Ukraine is slated to have nationwide satellite SMS coverage via Kyivstar by end of 2025 . Kazakhstan will follow with coverage across its vast territory in 2026 . In the US, T-Mobile’s beta satellite text is live, covering most of the country (where you have a clear sky view) and expanding to more areas as SpaceX launches more satellites. Generally, if you’re within about ±50–60 degrees latitude (which includes most populated areas) and unobstructed to the sky, you’ll eventually have service. Extreme polar regions might need specialized coverage later on. Operators and satellite companies will publish coverage maps as services go live – expect these to be highlighted on carriers’ websites. Initially, coverage might be spotty or scheduled (certain hours when a satellite passes over) until constellations are dense. Over the next couple of years, it will move to 24/7 continuous coverage for essentially the entire globe, aside from perhaps far polar zones. Keep an eye on your carrier’s announcements; for example, Virgin Media O2 in the UK noted it will launch Starlink-based coverage in 2026 starting with rural areas . One caveat: you generally need to be outdoors with a clear line to the sky – satellite signal likely won’t penetrate deep indoor spaces or underground.
• Q: How much will it cost to use satellite connectivity on my phone?
• A: Pricing models are still being finalized. Many carriers plan to include basic emergency texting for free for their customers. For instance, in early trials, some operators didn’t charge for SOS messages. For broader use (regular messaging, voice, data), there might be an add-on fee or usage charges. Some, like O2 UK, have said they’ll announce pricing closer to launch , so we know it’s not just automatically free. We anticipate a few approaches: a modest monthly add-on (e.g. $5–$10/month) for satellite service on top of your plan, or a pay-per-use where you’re billed per message/minute/MB when the satellite network is used. U.S. carrier T-Mobile suggested it aims to include satellite texting in its popular plans at no extra cost, but that could vary. As competition among satellite providers heats up, pricing should become consumer-friendly. In remote markets, there might be government subsidies to ensure affordability (since this can be a life-line service). For now, check your operator’s announcements – VEON’s Kyivstar and Beeline have not yet detailed consumer pricing as they are in trial phases. It’s safe to assume texting will be inexpensive (possibly bundled), while broadband data via satellite could be priced at a premium initially. Over time, as capacity grows, we might see satellite connectivity folded into plans just like roaming is today.
• Q: How fast are satellite direct-to-phone speeds compared to normal 4G or 5G?
• A: Currently, satellite direct-to-cell is much slower than terrestrial 4G/5G. Think of it more like 2G/3G speeds at first. For example, initial services support texting and maybe a few hundred kilobits to a few megabits per second of data – enough for messaging apps, emails, or very light web browsing. Latency (delay) might be ~0.1–0.5 seconds, versus tens of milliseconds on a good LTE connection. So loading images or streaming video will be sluggish and possibly not feasible in early stages. However, improvements are on the horizon. SpaceX and AST are both planning next-gen satellites and using laser links and more spectrum to boost throughput. AST SpaceMobile demonstrated ~100 Mbps in a test to one phone , but that’s a best-case scenario with an entire satellite’s capacity to one user. In real use, that bandwidth might be shared among many users in the satellite’s footprint, so each gets a fraction. As more satellites are deployed (hundreds in constellation), networks can offer higher overall capacity and faster burst speeds. Bottom line: in 2025–2026, expect basically narrowband service (texts, IoT pings, voice calls at lower quality, simple maps). By 2027–2028, with advancements and maybe 5G NTN tech in phones, we could see broadband-like speeds in the tens of Mbps range per user. Terrestrial 5G will still far outperform satellites in dense areas, but satellites will close the gap enough to support standard smartphone apps (just maybe not HD video live-streaming – at least not until far future).
• Q: Is using satellite connectivity private and legal? Any regulatory concerns?
• A: If you’re using a carrier-authorized service (like those discussed here), it’s both legal and designed to be secure. Your traffic from phone to satellite is encrypted and then handed off to your mobile operator just like a roaming partner, so end-to-end it’s as private as your normal cell service . You will likely need to use it within the country (or region) where your SIM is registered or where your operator has rights – using satellite service is subject to telecom regulations country by country. (For instance, you couldn’t illegally use it in a country that hasn’t authorized it; the satellite network will have geo-fencing to comply with local laws.) Governments are actively approving these services because they see societal benefit, but with oversight. Expect that emergency services (911/112) will be supported as the services mature – some regions may require satellite providers to route emergency calls/texts to local responders. As for privacy, the same lawful interception laws that apply to cellular apply to satellite: law enforcement with proper warrants could request records, etc. From a user perspective, nothing different is required on your part – no special license or permission, just opt into your carrier’s satellite feature. One thing to be mindful of: when traveling abroad, your phone might latch onto a satellite of your home carrier even if you’re in another country’s remote area, which could raise roaming questions. The industry will clarify how roaming on satellite is handled (it might actually reduce roaming fees if your home network’s satellite covers you globally). In summary, using these services is safe and legitimate. They operate under agreements between satellite firms, mobile operators, and regulators. Just use it as you would any other network, and keep an eye out for any user terms your carrier provides about fair use or limitations (for example, some might say not to abuse it for high-volume data).

Sources:

1. Gianluca Lo Nostro & Leo Marchandon – “Starlink signs landmark global direct-to-cell deal with Veon as satellite-to-phone race heats up.” Reuters, Nov 6, 2025  
2. VEON Press Release – “VEON’s Beeline Kazakhstan Partners with Starlink Direct to Cell to Launch Satellite Connectivity to Kazakhstan…” VEON Newsroom, Nov 6, 2025  
3. Jaspreet Singh & Zaheer Kachwala – “EchoStar to sell more spectrum licenses to SpaceX for $2.6 billion.” Reuters, Nov 6, 2025  
4. Starlink (SpaceX) – “Starlink Direct to Cell (Official Service Page).” SpaceX/Starlink, updated 2025  
5. Aria Alamalhodaei – “AST SpaceMobile lands key Verizon deal amid growing competition with SpaceX and T-Mobile.” TechCrunch, Oct 8, 2025  
6. Paul Sandle – “UK’s Virgin Media O2 signs deal with Musk’s Starlink for rural coverage.” Reuters, Oct 30, 2025  
7. Paul Sandle – “Vodafone makes world’s first satellite video call using standard smartphone.” Reuters, Jan 30, 2025  
8. Reuters News – “VEON eyes more satellite deals after Ukraine Starlink tie-up.” Reuters, Aug 7, 2025  
9. VEON Press Release – “VEON’s Kyivstar Advances Direct-to-Cell Services With Starlink Integration and Regulatory Approval for Testing.” VEON Newsroom, June 18, 2025  
10. Wikipedia – “Lynk Global – History/Technology.” Wikipedia (accessed Nov 10, 2025)